CHAPTER XII. (Concluded.)

This brings us to the concluding words of our book. Now who has been leading us all through these exercises ? A disappointed sensualist ? A gloomy stoic ? A cynic-selfish, depressed ? Not at all. Distinctly a wise man;-wise, for he gives that unequivocal proof of wisdom, in that he cares for others. It is the wise who ever seek to "win souls," "to turn many to righteousness." " Because the preacher was wise, he still taught the people knowledge." No cynic is Ecclesiastes. His sympathies are still keen ; he knows well and truly the needs of those to whom he ministers :knows too, how man's wretched heart ever rejects its own blessing; so, in true wisdom, he seeks "acceptable words":endeavoring to sweeten the medicine he gives, clothes his counsel in "words of delight" [margin). Thus here we find all the "words of delight" that human wisdom can find, in view of life in all its aspects from youth to old age.

For whilst it is certainly difficult satisfactorily to trace the order in detail in the book,-and perhaps this is perfectly consistent with its character,-yet there can be no question but that it begins by looking at, and testing, those sensual enjoyments that are peculiarly attractive to youth, and ends with the departure of all in old age, and, finally-dissolution. There is, evidently, that much method. We may also, further, note that the body of the book is taken up with such themes as interest men who are between these two extremes :occupations, business, politics, and, as men speak, religion. All the various states and conditions of man are looked at:kings, princes, nobles, magistrates, rich and poor, are all taken up and discussed in this search for the one thing that true human reason can call absolutely "good" for man. Further method than this might perhaps be inconsistent with the confusion of the scene "under the sun" he is regarding, and his own inability to bring order out of the confusion. There would be thus true method in the absence of method, as the cry of "Vanity," doleful as it is, is alone in harmony with the failure of all his efforts. Yes, for whilst here he speaks of "words of delight," one can but wonder to what he can refer, unless it be to something still to come. Thus far, as he has taken up and dropped, with bitter discouragement, subject after subject, his burdened, overcharged heart involuntarily has burst out with the cry, '' Vanity of vanities, all is vanity! "Words of delight! Find one in all that we have gone over that can be to a guilty sinner's ear a "word of delight"-such as it can really take in as meeting its needs; for this seems to be the force of the word here translated"acceptable ":so perfectly adapted to the needs of the heart it addresses that heart springs joyfully to embrace it at once. We have surely, thus far, found none such. A Judge has been discerned in God; but small delight in this surely, if I am the sinner to be judged.

Verses 11-14. Wisdom's words are not known by quantity, but quality. Not many books, with the consequent weary study; but the right word-like a "goad":sharp, pointed, effective-and on which
may hang, as on a "nail," much quiet meditation. "Given, too, from one shepherd," hence not self-contradictory and confusing to the listeners. In this way Ecclesiastes would evidently direct our most earnest attention to what follows:"the conclusion of the whole matter." Here is absolutely the highest counsel of true human wisdom-the climax of her reasonings-the high-water-mark of her attainments -the limit to which she can lead us:"Fear God, and keep his commandments :for this is the whole duty of man. For God shall bring every work into judgment, with every secret thing, whether it be good or whether it be evil."
Who will deny that this is indeed admirable ? Is there not a glorious moral elevation in this conclusion ? Note how it gives the Creator-God His rightful place ; puts the creature man in the absolutely correct relationship of obedience, and speaks with perfect assurance of a discriminative judgment where every single work, yes, " secret thing," shall be shown out in its true character as it is good or evil in His Holy Sight:where everything that is wrong and distorted here shall be put right.

It is truly much, but alas for man if this were indeed the end. Alas for one, conscious of having sinned already, and broken His commandments, whether those commandments be expressed in the ten words of the law, as given from Sinai, or in that other law which is common to all men, the work of which, "written in their hearts," they show:conscience. There is no gleam of light, ray of hope, or grain of comfort here. A judgment to come, assured, can only be looked forward to, with, at the best, gloomy uncertainty, and awful misgiving ; if not with assured conviction of a fearful condemnation; and here our writer leaves us with the assurance that this is the "conclusion of the whole matter."

Who can picture the terrors of this darkness in which such a conclusion leaves us ? Guilty, trembling, with untold sins and wasted years behind; with the awful consciousness that my very being is the corrupt fountain whence those sins flowed, and yet with a certain judgment before in which no single thing is to escape a divinely searching examination:better had it been to have left us still asleep and unconscious of these things, and so to have permitted us to secure, at least, what pleasure we could out of this present life "under the sun," without the shadow of the future ever thrown over us.-yea, such "conclusion" leaves us "of all men most miserable."

I would, beloved reader, that we might by grace realize something of this. Nor let our minds be just touched by the passing thoughts, but pause for a few minutes, at least, and meditate on the scene at this last verse in the only book in our Bible in which man at his best and highest, in his richest and wisest, is heard telling us his exercises as he looks at this tangled state of affairs "under the sun " and gives us to see, as nowhere else can we see, the very utmost limit to which he, as such, can attain. If this sinks down into our hearts, we shall be the better prepared to apprehend and appreciate the grace that meets him there at the edge of that precipice to which Reason leads but which she cannot bridge. Oh, blessed grace ! In the person of our royal Preacher we are here indeed at our "wit's end" in every sense of the word ; but that is ever and always the place where another hand may lead us, where another Wisdom than poor feeble human Reason may find a way of escape, and "deliver us out of our distresses."

Then let us turn our ear and listen to another voice:' For we must all appear before the judgment-seat of Christ, that every one may receive the things done in us body, according to that he hath done, whether it be good or bad." But stay. Is this the promised grace of which even now we spoke ? Is this the deliverance for which we hoped ? A judgment-seat still ?-from which still no escape for any :and a "reception" according to the things done, whether they be good or bad ! Wherein does this differ from Solomon's "conclusion of the whole matter"? In just two words only-" Of Christ." It is now the 'judgment-seat of Christ." Added terror, I admit, to His despisers and rejecters; but to you and me, dear fellow-believer, through grace the difference these two words make is infinity itself. For look at Him who sits upon the judgment – seat; – be not afraid ; regard Him patiently and well ; He bears many a mark whereby you may know Him, and recognize in the Judge the very One who has Himself borne the full penalty of all your sins. See His hands and His feet, and behold His side ! You stand before His judgment-seat. Remember, too, the word He spake long ago, but as true as ever, "Verily, verily, I say unto you, he that heareth my word, and believeth on him that sent me, hath everlasting life, and shall not come into judgment, but is passed from death unto life "-and as we thus remember both His word and His work, we may be fully assured, even as we stand here, that there must be a sense, and an important sense, in which judgment for us is passed forever. I may not be able to harmonize these Scriptures; but I will cleave, at least, to that which I clearly understand, in other words, to that which meets my present needs (for we only truly understand what meets our need); afterward, other needs may arise that shall make the other scriptures equally clear. He bore my sins-the judgment of God has been upon Him, cannot, therefore, be upon me-into that judgment I shall never come.

Then why is it written we must all appear (or rather "be manifested" be clearly shown out in true light) before the judgment seat of Christ ? There is just one thing I need before entering the joys of eternity. I am, as Jacob in Genesis 35:, going up "to Bethel, to dwell there." I must know that everything is fully suited to the place to which I go. I need, I must have, everything out clearly. Yes, so clearly, that it will not do to trust even my own memory to bring it out. I need the Lord "who loved me and gave Himself for me" to do it. He will. How precious this is for the believer who keeps his eye on the Judge ! How blessed for him that ere eternity begins full provision is made for the perfect security of its peace-for a communion that may not be marred by a thought! Never after this shall a suspicion arise in our hearts, during the long ages that follow, that there is one thing-one secret thing-that has not been known and dealt with holily and righteously, according to the infinite purity of the Judgment Seat of Christ. Suppose that this were not so written ; let alone for a moment that there never could be true discriminative rewards ; might not memory be busy, and might not some evil thought allowed during the days of the life in the flesh; long, long forgotten, be suddenly remembered, and the awful question arise, ' Is it possible that particular evil thing has been overlooked ? It was subsequent to the hour that I first accepted Him for my Saviour. I have had no thought of it since. I am not aware of ever having confessed it." Would not that silence the song of Heaven, embitter even its joy, and still save tears to be wiped away ? It shall not be. All shall be out first. All-" every secret thing." Other Scriptures shall show us how these things are dealt with. " Every man's work shall be made manifest, or the day shall declare it, because it (that is, the day) shall be revealed in fire, and the fire shall try every man's work, of what sort it is. If any man's work abide, he shall receive a reward. If any man's work shall be burnt, he shall suffer loss, but he himself shall be saved, yet so as by fire. If any man defile the temple of God, him shall God destroy." (i Cor. 3.)

That day is revealed in fire, (Divine judgment,) and gold, silver, precious stones-those works which are of God-alone can stand the test. All others burn like "wood, hay, stubble."

Look forward a little. In the light of these Scriptures, see one standing before that Judgment Seat, He once hung by the side of the Judge Himself upon cross on earth. See his works being manifested. is there one that can be found gold, silver, precious stones ? Not one. They burn; they all burn :but mark carefully his countenance as his works burn. Mark the emotions that manifest themselves through the ever-deepening sense of the wondrous grace that could have snatched such an one as is here being manifested from the burning. Not a sign of terror. Not a question for a single instant as to his own salvation now. He has been with Christ, in the Judge's own company, for a long time already, and perfectly established is his heart, in the love that said to him long ago, "This day thou shalt be with me in Paradise." Now as all his works burn, the fire within burns too, and he is well prepared to sing "unto Him who loves us and washed us from our sins in His own blood." And yet stay:-Here is something at the very last. It is his word, "Dost thou not fear God, seeing thou art in the same condemnation, and we indeed justly, for we receive the due reward of our deeds, but this man hath done nothing amiss. Lord, remember me when Thou comest into Thy kingdom." Gold! gold at last! as we may say; and he too receives praise of God. Yes, not one that shall have the solemn joy of standing before that tribunal but has, in some measure, that praise. For is it not written, "then" (at that very time) " shall every one have praise of God." " This honor have all his saints."

Where and when does this judgment of our works, then, take place ? It must be subsequent to our rapture to the air of which we have spoken, and prior to our manifestation with Christ as sons of God. For by all the ways of God, through all the ages, those scenes could never be carried out before an unbelieving hostile world. Never has He exposed, never will He so expose His saints. All will be over when we come forth with Him to live and reign a thousand years. "The bride has made herself ready," and the robes in which she comes forth-the white linen -are indeed the righteousnesses of the saints, but these have been "washed and made white in the blood of the Lamb."

But "all" must stand before Him; and not even yet has that been fulfilled. Cain and the long line of rejecters of mercy and light, ever broadening as time's sad ages have passed till their path has been called the "broad way," have not yet stood there, Has death saved them from judgment ? No, for we read of the "resurrection of judgment"-the judgment that comes necessarily after death, and includes the dead, and only the dead. "I saw a great white throne, and Him that sat on it, from whose face the earth and the heavens fled away, and there was found no place for them. And I saw the dead, small and great, stand before God; and the books were opened, and another book was opened, which is the Book of Life, and the dead were judged out of those things which were written in the books, according to their works. And the sea gave up the dead which were in it, and death and hell delivered up the dead which in them, and they were judged every man according to their works, and death and hell were cast into the lake of fire. This is the second death. And whoso-ever was not found written in the Book of Life was cast into the lake of fire." Here, too, we see an ex-act, perfect, retributive, discriminating judgment. The Book of Life bears not the name of one here. There is that one broad distinction between the saved and lost-the "life-line," as we may call it. How carefully are we told at the very last of this Book of Life, that we may most clearly understand, for our comfort, that the feeblest touch of faith of but the hem of His garment-perhaps not even directly His Person, but that which is seen surrounding His Per-son, as the visible creation may be said to do – Psalms 102:25, 6) let any have touched Him there, and life results. His name is found in the Book of Life, and he shall not see the second death. Apart from this-the second death:the lake of fire! "

And yet, whilst "darkness and wrath" are the common lot of the rejecters of "light and love," there is, necessarily, almost infinite difference in the degrees of that darkness and fierceness of that wrath, dependent exactly on the degree of rejection of light and love. As our Lord tells us, "he that knew his Lord's will, and prepared not himself, shall be beaten with many stripes. But he that knew not, and did commit things worthy of stripes shall be beaten with few stripes. For unto whomsoever much is given of him shall be much required; and to whom men have committed much, of him they will ask the more." All is absolutely right. Nothing more now to be made right The ages of eternity may roll in unbroken peace ; with God-manifested in all the universe as light and love-all in all.

And now, dear readers, the time has come to say farewell for a season to our writer and to each other. Let this leave-taking not be with the groans of Ecclesiastes' helplessness in our ears. We have stood by his side and tested with him the sad unsatisfying pleasures connected with the senses under the sun. We have turned from them, and tried the purer, higher pleasures of the intellect and reason, and groaned to find them equally unsatisfying. We have looked through his wearied eyes at this scene, restless in its unending changes, and yet with nothing really new. We have felt a little, with his sensitive sympathetic heart, for the oppressed and down-trodden "under the sun," and groaned in our helplessness to right their wrongs. We have groaned, too, at his and our inability to understand or solve the" contradictory tangle of life that seemed to deny either the providence, or the goodness, of a clearly recognized Creator. We have followed with him along many a hopeful path till it led us to a tomb, and then we have bowed head with him, and groaned in our agonizing inability to pierce further. We have seen, too, with him that there is not the slightest discrimination in that ending of man's race, and worse, even than groans to our ears, has been the wild, sad counsel of despair, " Merrily drink thy wine." But quickly recovering from this, we have wondered with great admiration as our guide's clear reason led him, and us, still on and on to discern, a final harvest-judgment that follows all earth's sowings. But there, as we have stood beside him in spirit, before that awful judgment-seat to which he has led us, and turned to him for one word of light or comfort in view of our sin and wrong doings-the deepest need of all-we have been met with a silence too deeply agonizing, even for the groan of vanity. Groans, groans, nothing but groans at every turn !

And then with what relief-oh, what relief, ever increasing as the needs increased,-have we turned to the Greater than the greatest of men '' under the sun," and, placing the hand of faith in His, we have been led into other scenes, and have found every single need of our being fully, absolutely, satisfactorily met. Our body if now the seat of sin and suffering, yet we have learned to sing in the joyful hope of its soon being "like Him forever." Our soul's affections have in Him a satisfying object, whilst His love may fill the poor, empty, craving heart till it runs over with a song all unknown under the sun,- our spirit's deep questions, as they have come up, have all been met and answered in such sort that each answer strikes a chord that sounds with the melody of delight ;-till at last death itself is despoiled of his terrors, and our song is still more sweet and clear in the tyrant's presence, for he is no longer a "king" over us, but our "servant." Even the deepest, most awful terror of all to sinners such as we -the Judgment-seat-has given us new cause for still more joyful singing; for we have in that pure clear light recognized in God – our Creator-God, our Redeemer-God-a love so full, so true,-working with a wisdom so infinite, so pure,-in perfect harmony with a righteousness so unbending, so inflexible,-with a holiness not to be flecked or tarnished by a breath,-all combining to put us at joyful ease in the very presence of judgment-to find there, as nowhere else possible, all that is in God in His infinity told out ("love with us made perfect,") and that means that all the creatures' responsive love must find sweet relief in a song that it will take eternity itself to end. In our Father's House we only "begin to be merry," and end nevermore, as we sound the depths of a wisdom that is fathomless, know a "love that passeth knowledge " ;-singing, singing, nothing but singing, and ever a new song !

May God, in His grace, make this the joyful experience of reader and writer, for the Lord Jesus Christ's sake ! Amen. F. C. J.